Journal
EPILEPSIA
Volume 58, Issue 1, Pages 149-159Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/epi.13620
Keywords
T-2-weighted imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Temporal lobe epilepsy; Gliosis; Chondroitin sulfate; Subfield evaluation
Categories
Funding
- Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2010/51515-2, 2015/20840-9, 2016/17882-4]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [PVE 034/2013]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [476250/2013-7, 466995/2014-8]
- Center of Imaging Sciences and Medical Physics (CCIFM)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
ObjectiveIncreased T2 relaxation time is often seen in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis. Water content directly affects the effective T2 in a voxel. Our aim was to evaluate the relation between T2 values and two molecules associated with brain water homeostasis aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), as well as cellular populations in the hippocampal region of patients with TLE. MethodsHippocampal T2 imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were obtained from 42 drug-resistant patients with TLE and 20 healthy volunteers (radiologic controls, RCs). A similar protocol (exvivo) was applied to hippocampal sections from the same TLE cases and 14 autopsy control hippocampi (histologic and radiologic controls, HRCs), and each hippocampal subfield was evaluated. Hippocampal sections from TLE cases and HRC controls were submitted to immunohistochemistry for neurons (neuron nuclei [NeuN]), reactive astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]), activated microglia (human leukocyte antigen-D-related [HLA-DR]), polarized AQP4, and CSPG. ResultsPatients with TLE had higher invivo and exvivo hippocampal T2 relaxation time. Hippocampi from epilepsy cases had lower neuron density, higher gliosis, decreased AQP4 polarization, and increased CSPG immunoreactive area. In vivo relaxation correlated with astrogliosis in the subiculum and extracellular CSPG in the hilus. Ex vivo T2 relaxation time correlated with astrogliosis in the hilus, CA4, and subiculum, and with microgliosis in CA1. The difference between invivo and exvivo relaxation ratio correlated with mean diffusivity and with the immunopositive area for CSPG in the hilus. SignificanceOur data indicate that astrogliosis, microgliosis, and CSPG expression correlate with the increased T2 relaxation time seen in the hippocampi of patients with TLE.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available