Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 271, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120748
Keywords
Propulsive Marangoni force; Chemo-mechanical motor; Phase-change materials; Surface tension; Fatty acid
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST 109-2221-E-075A-001-MY3, MOST 109-2634-F-007023]
- Ministry of Education of Taiwan (ROC) [MOE 109QR001I5]
- Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital [TCRD-TPE-MOST-109-10]
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Using Marangoni effect to generate propulsive forces for fabrication of oil droplets enhances oral bioavailability of vitamin D.
Emulsions of oil droplets as drug carriers are typically formulated by emulsification, which is complex and timeconsuming and requires high energy input. To address these concerns, a fast and facile method for fabricating lipid-based oil droplets, using propulsive forces that arise from the chemical Marangoni effect, is developed for the oral delivery of lipophilic drugs, such as vitamin D. The oil droplets are prepared by solubilizing vitamin D in a phase-changeable fatty acid with the addition of ethanol as an oil phase, which is then deposited on a water bath. As a result of the differing surface tensions of water and ethanol (chemical energy), propulsive Marangoni forces are generated (kinetic energy), rapidly spreading the oil phase into many tiny oil droplets. To prevent their coalescence, the generated oil droplets are solidified by reducing their environmental temperature. Following oral administration, the fluidity of the solidified droplets increases at body temperature; they can be further emulsified into the vitamin D-containing micelles by intestinal bile salts. The micelles are then taken up by the intestinal epithelial cells, enabling their contained vitamin D to be absorbed into systemic circulation, improving its oral bioavailability.
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