Journal
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 161, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/abe61f
Keywords
Exoplanet systems; Exoplanet dynamics; Exoplanet evolution; Hot Jupiters
Categories
Funding
- NASA Exoplanets Research Program [NNX16AB50G]
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation's Sloan Research Fellowship [NNX16AB50G]
- Pennsylvania State University
- Eberly College of Science
- Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium
- European Research Council under the European Community's H2020 2014-2020 ERC grant [669416]
- Bart J. Bok fellowship at Steward Observatory
- ANIDMillennium Science Initiative [ICN12_009]
- NASA [NNX16AB50G, 907852] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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The study investigates the origin of warm Jupiters, suggesting tidal migration due to coupling with perturbing companion planets. Results show that these perturbers can be detected through precise measurements, indicating the presence of tidal-induced migration in warm Jupiter systems.
The origin of warm Jupiters (gas giant planets with periods between 10 and 200 days) is an open question in exoplanet formation and evolution. We investigate a particular migration theory in which a warm Jupiter is coupled to a perturbing companion planet that excites secular eccentricity oscillations in the warm Jupiter, leading to periodic close stellar passages that can tidally shrink and circularize its orbit. If such companions exist in warm Jupiter systems, they are likely to be massive and close-in, making them potentially detectable. We generate a set of warm Jupiter-perturber populations capable of engaging in high-eccentricity tidal migration and calculate the detectability of the perturbers through a variety of observational metrics. We show that a small percentage of these perturbers should be detectable in the Kepler light curves, but most should be detectable with precise radial velocity measurements over a 3 month baseline and Gaia astrometry. We find these results to be robust to the assumptions made for the perturber parameter distributions. If a high-precision radial velocity search for companions to warm Jupiters does not find evidence of a significant number of massive companions over a 3 month baseline, it will suggest that perturber-coupled high-eccentricity migration is not the predominant delivery method for warm Jupiters.
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