Journal
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
Volume 189, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116711
Keywords
Aspirated air-convection; Cell-level thermal management; Tetrahedral lattice porous cold plates; Lithium-ion battery
Funding
- Human Resources Development Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) - Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy of South Korea [20194010000110, 20194010201800]
- Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, China [MCMS-I-0219K01-02]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20194010000110] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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This study presents a thermal management solution for lithium-ion battery cells using naturally aspirated air-convection in porous cold plates to maintain appropriate operating temperatures during flight. The solution provides equivalent thermal performance compared to empty cold plates, while also reducing mechanical fracture and structural degradation, thus minimizing irreversible capacity loss.
The faster charge/discharge of lithium-ion batteries that power unmanned aerial vehicles (or drones) increases heat emission substantially, thus requiring effective thermal management solutions. In this study, we present such a thermal solution for prismatic lithium-ion battery cells managed by naturally aspirated air-convection in tetrahedral lattice porous cold plates as a multi-functional application that requires a core element for simultaneous thermal and structural load bearing. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution, a series of steady-state numerical simulations and experiments were performed under specific thermal/flight conditions. Results showed that aspirated air-convection in multiple tetrahedral lattice porous cold plates, each sandwiched between two battery cells, enables the operating temperature of the battery cells to fall within a typical safety margin during forward flight. In comparison to empty cold plates as reference, an equivalent thermal performance was provided although higher pressure drop in the porous cold plates substantially reduces the flowrate of the aspirated convective flow than that in the reference cold plates. However, the porous cold plates could additionally mitigate mechanical fracture and structural degradation resulting in irreversible capacity loss due to repeatable thermal expansion/shrinkage during the charge and discharge. Thus, the tetrahedral porous cold plates may provide effective multi-functionality that is required for the cell-level thermal management of prismatic lithium-ion batteries.
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