Study of charge density waves in suspended 2H-TaS2 and 2H-TaSe2 by nanomechanical resonance

The charge density wave (CDW) state in van der Waals systems shows interesting scaling phenomena as the number of layers can significantly affect the CDW transition temperature, T-CDW. However, it is often difficult to use conventional methods to study the phase transition in these systems due to their small size and sensitivity to degradation. Degradation is an important parameter, which has been shown to greatly influence the superconductivity in layered systems. Since the CDW state competes with the onset of superconductivity, it is expected that T-CDW will also be affected by the degradation. Here, we probe the CDW phase transition by the mechanical resonances of suspended 2H-TaS2 and 2H-TaSe2 membranes and study the effect of disorder on the CDW state. Pristine flakes show the transition near the reported values of 75K and 122K, respectively. We then study the effect of degradation on 2H-TaS2, which displays an enhancement of T-CDW up to 129K after degradation in ambient air. Finally, we study a sample with local degradation and observe that multiple phase transitions occur at 87K, 103K, and 118K with a hysteresis in temperature in the same membrane. The observed spatial variations in the Raman spectra suggest that variations in crystal structure cause domains with different transition temperatures, which could result in the hysteresis. This work shows the potential of using nanomechanical resonance to characterize the CDW in suspended 2D materials and demonstrates that the degradation can have a large effect on transition temperatures.

Automated summary

The study investigates the CDW phase transition in suspended 2H-TaS2 and 2H-TaSe2 membranes using mechanical resonances, revealing that degradation can significantly affect transition temperatures, leading to multiple phase transitions and hysteresis in temperature.