Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 36, Issue 5, Pages 1261-1269Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3653
Keywords
Aquatic toxicology; Environmental toxicology; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Water quality; Ecotoxicology Herring; Fish embryos; Creosote
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Funding
- Alaska Department of Transportation
- Institute for Northern Engineering at the University of Alaska Fairbanks
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from creosote exposure in the laboratory resulted in deleterious effects in developing Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) embryos, and potentially toxic concentrations of PAHs were measured using passive water samplers at 1 of 3 harbor field sites in Juneau, Alaska, USA. Aqueous total PAH concentrations of 4.6 mu g/L and 8.4 mu g/L from creosote exposure resulted in skeletal defects and ineffective swimming in hatched larvae in the laboratory (10% effective concentrations) and were the most sensitive parameters measured. Hatch rates also suffered from creosote exposure in a dose-dependent manner: at exposures between 5 mu g/L and 50 mu g/L total PAH, 50% of the population failed to hatch. Comparisons between laboratory and field deployed passive samplers suggested that for at least 1 harbor in Juneau, concentrations sufficient to induce teratogenic effects were found directly on creosoted pilings, within 10 cm of them, and sometimes at a distance of 10 m. Total PAH concentrations generally decreased with distance from creosoted pilings. Creosote pilings contribute to the PAH load within a marina and can rise to PAH concentrations that are harmful to fish embryos, but at a scale that is localized in the environment. (C) 2016 SETAC
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