DNA Framework-Engineered Long-Range Electrostatic Interactions for DNA Hybridization Reactions

Long-range electrostatic interactions beyond biomolecular interaction interfaces have not been extensively studied due to the limitation in engineering electric double layers in physiological fluids. Here we find that long-range electrostatic interactions play an essential role in kinetic modulation of DNA hybridizations. Protein and gold nanoparticles with different charges are encapsulated in tetrahedral frameworks to exert diverse electrostatic effects on site-specifically tethered single DNA strands. Using this strategy, we have successfully modulated the hybridization kinetics in both bulk solution and single molecule level. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that long-range Coulomb interactions are the key factor for hybridization rates. This work validates the important role of long-range electrostatic forces in nucleic acid-biomacromolecule complexes, which may encourage new strategies of gene regulation, antisense therapy, and nucleic acid detection.

Automated summary

The limitations in engineering electric double layers in physiological fluids have hindered the extensive study of long-range electrostatic interactions beyond biomolecular interaction interfaces. However, experimental and theoretical studies have shown that long-range Coulomb interactions play a crucial role in DNA hybridizations. Encapsulating protein and gold nanoparticles with different charges allows for modulation of hybridization kinetics, potentially leading to new strategies for gene regulation and nucleic acid detection.