Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 114, Issue 2, Pages 649-660Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab070
Keywords
Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan; adequate intake; dietary protein; frailty; older adults; nitrogen balance; indicator amino acid oxidation; recommended daily allowance; estimated average requirement
Categories
Funding
- Health Promotion Administration (HPA), Ministry of Health and Welfare [MOHW109-HPA-H-114-144702, MOHW108-HPA-M-114-133401]
- Academia Sinica
- International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), Taiwan
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This study revealed that older Taiwanese adults with robust health had higher protein intake, and as frailty increased, protein intake decreased. Significant differences were found in protein intake and frailty status between genders.
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that a dietary protein intake higher than the current recommended dietary allowance of 0.8 g/kg body weight (BW)/d may be needed to maintain optimal muscle mass, strength, and function in older adults. However, defining optimal protein intake in this age group remains a challenge. Objective: In this study we sought to describe the dietary protein intake in frail, prefrail, and robust older Taiwanese adults Methods: Data for 1920 older adults were collected from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan from 2014 to 2017. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method. Frailty was determined using the modified Fried's criteria. Body composition was assessed using DXA. Sex-specific dietary protein intakes, measured as values/kg of BW, fat-free mass (FFM), and lean mass (LM), were estimated for the 3 age groups (65-69, 70-79, and >= 80y) and the 3 frailty levels. Results: In both males (P for trend = 0.034) and females (P for trend = 0.015), there were significant downward trends for protein intake/kg of BW with the severity of frailty. The age-adjusted protein intake/kg of BW was still significant in males (P for trend = 0.009), but no longer in females. This phenomenon was also seen for protein intake at lunch and dinner but not at breakfast. Age-adjusted trends for protein intake/kg FFM or LM were not significant in either sex. The median protein intake in robust older males and females was 1.21 and 1.19 g/kg BW/d, respectively, and the mean intakes were even higher. Conclusion: Median protein intake in robust Taiwanese older adults was approximately 1.2 g/kg BW/d, with higher mean values. The protein adequate intake in Taiwanese older adults was higher than the current recommended daily allowance (RDA) level but within the RDA range derived from the state-of art indicator amino acid oxidation technique.
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