Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 4591-4602Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8185-9
Keywords
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; River sediment; Biodegradation; Actinobacteria; Dioxygenase
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Funding
- National Science and Technology Development Agency under the J-RAPID program [P-1201060]
- Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund
- Chulalongkorn University, and Chulalongkorn Academic Advancement into its Second Century project (CUAASC)
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This study assessed the biodegradation of mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by indigenous bacteria in river sediment. Microcosms were constructed from sediment from the Chao Phraya River (the main river in Thailand) by supplementation with high concentrations of fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene (300 mg kg(-1) of each PAH), and acenaphthene (600 mg kg(-1)). Fluorene and phenanthrene were completely degraded, whereas 50% of the pyrene and acenaphthene were removed at the end of the incubation period (70 days). Community analyses revealed the dynamics of the bacterial profiles in the PAH-degrading microcosms after PAH exposure. Actinobacteria predominated and became significantly more abundant in the microcosms after 14 days of incubation at room temperature under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, the remaining PAHs and alpha diversity were positively correlated. The sequencing of clone libraries of the PAH-RHDa genes also revealed that the dioxygenase genes of Mycobacterium sp. comprised 100% of the PAHRHDa library at the end of the microcosm setup. Moreover, two PAH-degrading Actinobacteria (Arthrobacter sp. and Rhodococcus ruber) were isolated from the original sediment sample and showed high activity in the degradation of phenanthrene and fluorene in liquid cultivation. This study reveals that indigenous bacteria had the ability to degrade high concentrations of mixed PAHs and provide clear evidence that Actinobacteria may be potential candidates to play a major role in PAH degradation in the river sediment.
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