Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 23, Issue 18, Pages 18789-18799Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7070-x
Keywords
EDCs; Sediment; GC-MS; Phthalates; BPA; Estrogenic potential
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Funding
- XII Plan Project of the Government of India
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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are responsible for inappropriate development and they alter the hormonal and homeostatic systems of organism. Phthalates (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA) and other EDCs were monitored in surface sediments at different stations across Thane Creek, India. Analysis of PAEs was carried out using GC-MS technique, while BPA and other EDCs were analyzing on UPLC-PDA instrument. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) had the highest concentration among all fourteen analyzed phthalates ranges between 0.13 and 0.4 mg kg(-1); and was detectable in all sediment samples. Strong correlation (r = 0.95, p < 0.01) was observed between total organic carbon (TOC, %) and total PAEs. BPA was also detected in all samples; average BPA concentration varies from 16.3 to 35.79 mu g kg(-1) with mean value 25.15 mu g kg(-1) dry weight of sediment. Synthetic EDCs such as 4-para-nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) were also analyzed; and their average concentrations were founds to be 356.5 and 176 mu g kg(-1), respectively. Estrone (E1), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were the main contributors to the overall estradiol equivalent concentration (EEQs) in sediment, their average total percentage contributions is more than 90 %.
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