Aspergillus awamori ameliorates the physicochemical characteristics and mineral profile of mung bean under salt stress

Background In the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture. However, various strategies are assumed to manage this problem, but the use of endophytes is cheap and eco-friendly. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of endophytic Aspergillus awamori (EWF) in creating salt tolerance in mung bean in terms of its seedling growth, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzymes, endogenous IAA, and ionic status of the plant. Results The results revealed that the 150 mM of NaCl reduced seedling growth (seedlings' weight and length; leaves number), chlorophyll contents, and IAA. On the other hand, proline, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannin, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased. Inoculation of EWF had promoted the mung bean growth under all tested conditions. EWF enhanced the biomass and IAA contents of the mung bean plants under salt stress. Moreover, EWF-associated mung bean seedlings exhibited low accumulation of stress markers, and Cl, Na, Na/K, and Ca/K ratio, whereas higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, N, and P in mung bean seedlings. Conclusion The results provided a sustainable approach in using endophytic EWF under salt stress, thus concluded that this fungus can be very handy in mung bean as well as other important crop production in saline areas.

Automated summary

The study evaluated the behavior of endophytic Aspergillus awamori in creating salt tolerance in mung bean, focusing on seedling growth, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzymes, endogenous IAA, and ionic status of the plant. The results showed that inoculation of EWF promoted mung bean growth under salt stress, enhancing biomass and IAA contents while reducing accumulation of stress markers and altering the ion concentrations in the plant. The findings suggested that endophytic EWF could be a sustainable solution for improving crop production in saline areas.