Journal
BIOLOGY-BASEL
Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biology10030208
Keywords
coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; IgG; antibody; convalescent plasma; ELISA
Categories
Funding
- Aragon Government
- Fundacion Santander-Universidad de Zaragoza
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [COV20-00308]
- FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, Gobierno de Aragon) [B29_17R]
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion e Universidades (MCNU)
- Agencia Estatal de Investigacion [SAF2017-83120-C2-1-R]
- Fundacion Inocente Inocente
- ASPANOA
- Carrera de la Mujer de Monzon
- ARAID
- MCNU [CTQ2013-44367-C2-2-P, BFU2016-75633-P, PID2019-105451GB-I00]
- Gobierno de Aragon [E34_R17, LMP58_18]
- FEDER (2014-2020) funds for Building Europe from Aragon
- PhD fellowship (FPI) from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- post-doctoral fellowship Juan de la Cierva-formacion from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
- post-doctoral fellowship Sara Borrell
- ARAID Foundation
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Passive immunization with hyperimmune plasma from convalescent patients has been proposed as a potential treatment for COVID-19, although its efficacy remains uncertain. A standardized method to predict the viral neutralizing activity of plasma against SARS-CoV-2 is crucial. Through an in-house quantitative ELISA test, it was found that most convalescent donors had IgG antibodies specific to the spike receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, with concentrations correlating with disease severity and gender. This suggests that the concentration of anti-RBD IgG in plasma may be a predictor of its efficacy in neutralizing the virus in vitro.
Simple Summary Passive immunization with hyperimmune plasma from convalescent patients has been proposed as a potentially useful treatment for COVID-19. Nevertheless, its efficacy in patients with COVID-19 remains uncertain. Thus, the establishment and validation of standardized methods that predict the viral neutralizing (VN) activity of plasma against SARS-CoV-2 is of utmost importance to appraise its therapeutic value. Using an in-house quantitative ELISA test and two independent cohorts with a total of 345 donors, we found that plasma and serum from most convalescent donors contained IgG antibodies specific to the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, with varying concentrations which correlate with previous disease severity and gender. Anti-RBD IgG plasma concentration significantly correlated with the plasma/serum VN activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Several hundred millions of people have been diagnosed of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), causing millions of deaths and a high socioeconomic burden. SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, induces both specific T- and B-cell responses, being antibodies against the virus detected a few days after infection. Passive immunization with hyperimmune plasma from convalescent patients has been proposed as a potentially useful treatment for COVID-19. Using an in-house quantitative ELISA test, we found that plasma from 177 convalescent donors contained IgG antibodies specific to the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2, although at very different concentrations which correlated with previous disease severity and gender. Anti-RBD IgG plasma concentrations significantly correlated with the plasma viral neutralizing activity (VN) against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Similar results were found using an independent cohort of serum from 168 convalescent health workers. These results validate an in-house RBD IgG ELISA test in a large cohort of COVID-19 convalescent patients and indicate that plasma from all convalescent donors does not contain a high enough amount of anti-SARS-CoV-2-RBD neutralizing IgG to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. The use of quantitative anti-RBD IgG detection systems might help to predict the efficacy of the passive immunization using plasma from patients recovered from SARS-CoV-2.
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