4.7 Article

A numerical simulation validated experimentally for thermally developing convection characteristics of a phase change nanofluid flow in a circular tube

Journal

CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
Volume 25, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2021.100925

Keywords

Forced convection; Nano-PCM particles; Emulsion flow; Heat transfer effectiveness

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Funding

  1. Higher Education Sprout Project from Ministry of Education
  2. Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan [MOST 107-2221-E006-209-MY3]

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The study investigates the heat transfer effectiveness of water-based Nano-PCM emulsion flow in a pipe, showing that as the Nano-PCM particle fraction increases, the heat transfer efficiency also improves; under certain conditions, using phase change fluid can significantly enhance the local heat transfer coefficient.
The present work aims to examine the heat transfer effectiveness of laminar forced convection for water-based Nano-PCM emulsion flow through a pipe. Over a finite length of the wall, the pipe is uniformly heated with a uniform heating flux. An approximate enthalpy model is employed for the formulation of the energy equation to present the phase-change process of the Nano-PCM emulsion. Efficiency of utilizing the water-based Nano-PCM emulsion to substitute its base fluid as the working fluid in a uniform heating pipe was then demarcated quantitatively for different dimensionless parameters including the mass concentration of the Nano-PCM particles, omega(pcmp), and the modified Stefan number,Ste*(bf). Predicted results show that the surface-averaged cooling efficiency of the nanofluid appears increasingly promoted with its Nano-PCM particle fraction under decreasingSte*(bf). The local heat transfer coefficient can be improved more than 20 times as the phase change fluid with omega(pcmp) = 10% and Ste*(bf) = 0.01 is used. The local heat transfer improvement for the phase change nanofluid over the water is directly related to the mass fraction of Nano-PCM particle. The averaged heat transfer effectiveness of water-based Nano-PCM emulsion flow is considerably increased with its Nano-PCM particle fraction under decreasing Ste*(bf).

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