Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 23, Issue 21, Pages 21908-21919Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7431-5
Keywords
Lagoon; Sediment-water interface; Metal analysis; SEM, AVS
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Funding
- INSTM (Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Tunisia)
- University of Franche-Comte (Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, Besancon, France)
- Aveiro University, Portugal
- Rio de Janeiro University, Brazil
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Bizerte Lagoon is a southern Mediterranean semi-enclosed lagoon with a maximum depth of 12 m. After assessing sediment quality, the authors report on the physicochemical characteristics of the lagoon's surface sediment using SEM (simultaneously extracted metals) and AVS (acid volatile sulfides) as proxies. Biogeochemical tools are used to investigate the environmental disturbance at the water-sediment interface by means of SEM and AVS to seek conclusions concerning the study area's pollution status. Results confirm accumulation of trace elements in sediment. The use of the SEM-AVS model with organic matter in sediment (AE'OC) confirms possible bioavailability of accumulated trace elements, especially Zn, in the southern part of the lagoon, with organic matter playing an important role in SEM excess correction to affirm a nontoxic total metal sediment state. Individual trace element toxicity is dependent on the bioavailable fraction of SEMMetal on sediment, as is the influence of lagoon inflow from southern water sources on element bioavailability. Appropriate management strategies are highly recommended to mitigate any potential harmful effects on health from this heavy-metal-based pollution.
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