Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 24, Issue 2, Pages 1093-1104Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7101-7
Keywords
Micropollutants; Acuttoxicity; Chronic toxicity; Phytotoxicity; Tertiary treatment; Photocatalysis
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Funding
- Ministry for Economy and Competitiveness (Spanish Government) [CTQ2013-46398-R]
- Junta de Andalucia (Andalusian Regional Government) [P10-RNM-05951]
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Andalusian Regional Government
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Some pollutants can be resistant to wastewater treatment, hence becoming a risk to aquatic and terrestrial biota even at the very low concentrations (ng L-1-mu g L-1) they are commonly found at. Tertiary treatments are used for micropollutant removal but little is known about the ecotoxicity of the treated effluent. In this study, a municipal secondary effluent was treated by a solar photo-Fenton reactor at initial neutral pH in a raceway pond reactor, and ecotoxicity was evaluated before and after micropollutant removal. Thirty-nine micropollutants were identified in the secondary effluent, mainly pharmaceuticals, with a total concentration of approximate to 80 mu g L-1. After treatment, 99 % microcontaminant degradation was reached. As for ecotoxicity reduction, the assayed organisms showed the following sensitivity levels: Tetrahymena thermophila > Daphnia magna > Lactuca sativa > Spirodela polyrhiza approximate to Vibrio fischeri. The initial effluent showed an inhibitory effect of 40 % for T. thermophila and 20 % for D. magna. After 20 min of photo-Fenton treatment, no toxic effect was observed for T. thermophila and toxicity dropped to 5 % for D. magna.
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