Deep reinforcement learning for energy management in a microgrid with flexible demand

In this paper, we study the performance of various deep reinforcement learning algorithms to enhance the energy management system of a microgrid. We propose a novel microgrid model that consists of a wind turbine generator, an energy storage system, a set of thermostatically controlled loads, a set of price-responsive loads, and a connection to the main grid. The proposed energy management system is designed to coordinate among the different flexible sources by defining the priority resources, direct demand control signals, and electricity prices. Seven deep reinforcement learning algorithms were implemented and are empirically compared in this paper. The numerical results show that the deep reinforcement learning algorithms differ widely in their ability to converge to optimal policies. By adding an experience replay and a semi-deterministic training phase to the well-known asynchronous advantage actor-critic algorithm, we achieved the highest model performance as well as convergence to near-optimal policies. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

This study investigates the performance of various deep reinforcement learning algorithms in enhancing the energy management system of a microgrid. A novel microgrid model is proposed and seven algorithms are implemented and compared. The results show significant differences in convergence to optimal policies among the algorithms, with the modified asynchronous advantage actor-critic algorithm achieving the highest model performance and convergence to near-optimal policies.