Journal
VACCINES
Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020134
Keywords
HIV; vaccine; messenger RNA
Categories
Funding
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD) [UM1AI144371]
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mRNA-based vaccines introduce a new approach by relying on host cells to produce antigenic proteins, offering a potential platform for protection against various diseases including HIV. This review explores the challenges of developing vaccines for HIV and outlines a vaccination strategy based on the immunology of broadly neutralizing antibody development.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic introduced the world to a new type of vaccine based on mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Instead of delivering antigenic proteins directly, an mRNA-based vaccine relies on the host's cells to manufacture protein immunogens which, in turn, are targets for antibody and cytotoxic T cell responses. mRNA-based vaccines have been the subject of research for over three decades as a platform to protect against or treat a variety of cancers, amyloidosis and infectious diseases. In this review, we discuss mRNA-based approaches for the generation of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines to HIV. We examine the special immunological hurdles for a vaccine to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and effective T cell responses to HIV. Lastly, we outline an mRNA-based HIV vaccination strategy based on the immunobiology of broadly neutralizing antibody development.
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