Wireless and battery-free technologies for neuroengineering

Tethered and battery-powered devices that interface with neural tissues can restrict natural motions and prevent social interactions in animal models, thereby limiting the utility of these devices in behavioural neuroscience research. In this Review Article, we discuss recent progress in the development of miniaturized and ultralightweight devices as neuroengineering platforms that are wireless, battery-free and fully implantable, with capabilities that match or exceed those of wired or battery-powered alternatives. Such classes of advanced neural interfaces with optical, electrical or fluidic functionality can also combine recording and stimulation modalities for closed-loop applications in basic studies or in the practical treatment of abnormal physiological processes. This Review Article discusses progress in the development of miniaturized and ultralightweight devices for neuroengineering that are wireless, battery-free and fully implantable.

Automated summary

This Review Article discusses recent progress in the development of miniaturized and ultralightweight devices for neuroengineering, which are wireless, battery-free, and fully implantable. These devices can restrict natural motions and prevent social interactions in animal models, limiting their utility in behavioural neuroscience research. However, advanced neural interfaces with optical, electrical, or fluidic functionality have emerged, capable of combining recording and stimulation modalities for closed-loop applications in basic studies or the treatment of abnormal physiological processes.