Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 7, Pages 3327-3332Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04704
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
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Commonly, the NOx emissions rates of diesel vehicles have been assumed to remain stable over the vehicle's lifetime. However, there have been hardly any representative long-term emission measurements. Here we present real-driving emissions of diesel cars and light commercial vehicles sampled on-road over 15 years in Zurich/Switzerland. Results suggest.deterioration of NOx unit emissions for Euro 2 and Euro 3 diesel technologies, while Euro 1 and Euro 4 technologies seem to be stable. We can exclude a significant influence of high-emitting vehicles. NOx emissions from all cars and light commercial vehicles in European emission inventories increase by 5-10% accounting for the observed deterioration, depending on the country and its share of diesel cars. We suggest monitoring the stability of emission controls particularly for high-mileage light commercial as well as heavy-duty vehicles.
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