4.6 Review

Current Status and Challenge of Pseudorabies Virus Infection in China

Journal

VIROLOGICA SINICA
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 588-607

Publisher

KEAI PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00340-0

Keywords

Pseudorabies virus (PRV); Diagnosis methods; Prevalence; Multiple-species infection; Prevention and control measures

Categories

Funding

  1. General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [31571432/31802252]
  2. Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2015JC3097/2020JJ4041]
  3. Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province [CX20200659]

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PR, a highly infectious disease caused by PRV, has been prevalent in Chinese pig industry, posing significant economic losses. Despite efforts in diagnostic approaches and vaccine development, PR remains a major concern in the swine industry in China.
Pseudorabies (PR), also called Aujeszky's disease, is a highly infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV). Without specific host tropism, PRV can infect a wide variety of mammals, including pig, sheep, cattle, etc., thereby causing severe clinical symptoms and acute death. PRV was firstly reported in China in 1950s, while outbreaks of emerging PRV variants have been documented in partial regions since 2011, leading to significant economic losses in swine industry. Although scientists have been devoting to the design of diagnostic approaches and the development of vaccines during the past years, PR remains a vital infectious disease widely prevalent in Chinese pig industry. Especially, its potential threat to human health has also attracted the worldwide attention. In this review, we will provide a summary of current understanding of PRV in China, mainly focusing on PRV history, the existing diagnosis methods, PRV prevalence in pig population and other susceptible mammals, molecular characteristics, and the available vaccines against its infection. Additionally, promising agents including traditional Chinese herbal medicines and novel inhibitors that may be employed to treat this viral infection, are also discussed.

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