Journal
PROCESSES
Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pr9020343
Keywords
gasification; RDF; MSW; tar; wax
Categories
Funding
- Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-15-0148, APVV-19-0170]
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Gasification technology can convert solid waste into valuable gas, but single-stage batch gasification systems face challenges related to tar and wax content. The use of a secondary catalytic stage can significantly reduce tar content in the gas, mitigating the impact of tar on downstream processes.
Gasification is a promising technology for the conversion of mixed solid waste like refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and municipal solid waste (MSW) into a valuable gas consisting of H-2, CO, CH4 and CO2. This work aims to identify the basic challenges of a single-stage batch gasification system related to tar and wax content in the producer gas. RDF was first gasified in a simple semi-batch laboratory-scale gasification reactor. A significant yield of tars and waxes was received in the produced gas. Waxes were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. These analyses indicated the presence of polyethylene and polypropylene chains. The maximum content of H-2 and CO was measured 500 sec after the start of the process. In a second series of experiments, a secondary catalytic stage with an Ni-doped clay catalyst was installed. In the two-stage catalytic process, no waxes were captured in isopropanol and the total tar content decreased by approximately 90 %. A single one-stage semi-batch gasification system is not suitable for RDF gasification; a large fraction of tar and waxes can be generated which can cause fouling in downstream processes. A secondary catalytic stage can significantly reduce the tar content in gas.
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