Journal
CELLS
Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells10030495
Keywords
vaccine; Burkholderia; cystic fibrosis; melioidosis; glanders; outer membrane proteins; OmpA; OmpW; Omp85; Bucl8
Categories
Funding
- Vaccine Development Center at WVU-HSC from the Division of Science and Research, WV Higher Education Policy Commission [HEPC.dsr.18.6]
- U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
- MIUR [GA 2017SFBFER]
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The review focuses on Burkholderia vaccine candidates derived from outer membrane proteins, including OmpA, OmpW, Omp85, and Bucl8, discussing their structures, conservation, and vaccine formulation.
Increasing antimicrobial resistance due to misuse and overuse of antimicrobials, as well as a lack of new and innovative antibiotics in development has become an alarming global threat. Preventative therapeutics, like vaccines, are combative measures that aim to stop infections at the source, thereby decreasing the overall use of antibiotics. Infections due to Gram-negative pathogens pose a significant treatment challenge because of substantial multidrug resistance that is acquired and spread throughout the bacterial population. Burkholderia spp. are Gram-negative intrinsically resistant bacteria that are responsible for environmental and nosocomial infections. The Burkholderia cepacia complex are respiratory pathogens that primarily infect immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients, and are acquired through contaminated products and equipment, or via patient-to-patient transmission. The Burkholderia pseudomallei complex causes percutaneous wound, cardiovascular, and respiratory infections. Transmission occurs through direct exposure to contaminated water, water-vapors, or soil, leading to the human disease melioidosis, or the equine disease glanders. Currently there is no licensed vaccine against any Burkholderia pathogen. This review will discuss Burkholderia vaccine candidates derived from outer membrane proteins, OmpA, OmpW, Omp85, and Bucl8, encompassing their structures, conservation, and vaccine formulation.
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