Journal
CANCERS
Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040788
Keywords
Argonaute; miRNA; cancer; tumorigenesis; biomarker; therapeutics
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council (VR) [2019-01855]
- Swedish Society for Medical Research (SSMF) [S19-0019]
- Olle Engkvist Foundation [193-0614]
- Swedish Research Council [2019-01855] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
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This review focuses on the role of Argonaute proteins in tumorigenesis, highlighting their canonical and non-canonical functions in cancer cells, as well as the biomarker potential of AGO expression in different tumor types. Furthermore, the possible application of AGOs in developing novel therapeutic approaches is discussed.
Simple Summary The dysregulation of RNA interference (RNAi) has often been observed in cancers, where the main focus of research has been on the small RNA molecules directing RNAi. In this review, we focus on the activity of Argonaute proteins, central components of RNAi, in tumorigenesis, and also highlight their potential applications in grading tumors and anti-cancer therapies. Argonaute proteins (AGOs) play crucial roles in RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) formation and activity. AGOs loaded with small RNA molecules (miRNA or siRNA) either catalyze endoribonucleolytic cleavage of target RNAs or recruit factors responsible for translational silencing and target destabilization. miRNAs are well characterized and broadly studied in tumorigenesis; nevertheless, the functions of the AGOs in cancers have lagged behind. Here, we discuss the current state of knowledge on the role of AGOs in tumorigenesis, highlighting canonical and non-canonical functions of AGOs in cancer cells, as well as the biomarker potential of AGO expression in different of tumor types. Furthermore, we point to the possible application of the AGOs in development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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