Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 3, Pages 1102-1110Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04860
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Funding
- Center for Climate and Energy Decision Making [SES-0949710]
- National Science Foundation
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Academic Funds through the Department of Engineering and Public Policy from the CIT Dean's Office
- Carnegie Mellon University's Department of Social and Decision Sciences
- Divn Of Social and Economic Sciences
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [1463492] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Divn Of Social and Economic Sciences
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [0949710] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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When in port, ships burn marine diesel in on-board generators to produce electricity and are significant contributors to poor local and regional air quality. Supplying ships with grid electricity can reduce these emissions. We use two integrated assessment models to quantify the benefits of reducing the emissions of NOx, SOD2, PM2.5, and CO2 that would occur if shore power were used. Using historical vessel call data, we identify combinations of vessels and berths at U.S. ports that could be switched to shore power to yield the largest gains for society. Our results indicate that, depending on the social costs of pollution assumed, an air quality benefit of $70-150 million per year could be achieved by retrofitting a quarter to two-thirds of all vessels that call at U.S. ports. Such a benefit could be produced at no net cost to society (health and environmental benefits would be balanced by the cost of ship and port retrofit) but would require many ships to be equipped to receive shore power, even if doing so would result in a private loss for the operator. Policy makers could produce a net societal gain by implementing incentives and mandates to encourage a shift toward shore power.
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