Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638725
Keywords
gut epithelium; intestinal stem cells; aryl hydrocarbon receptor; aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands; morphogenetic pathways
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Funding
- NIH [P01AT003961, R01AI123947, R01AI129788, R01ES030144, P20GM103641]
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Maintenance of intestinal homeostasis requires integration of immunological and molecular processes, environmental, diet, metabolic and microbial cues. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a critical role in regulating molecular pathways involved in epithelial cell renewal, contributing to ISC stemness and epithelial cell fate.
Maintenance of intestinal homeostasis requires the integration of immunological and molecular processes together with environmental, diet, metabolic and microbial cues. Key to this homeostasis is the proper functioning of epithelial cells originating from intestinal stem cells (ISCs). While local factors and numerous molecular pathways govern the ISC niche, the conduit through which these processes work in concordance is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, whose role in immunoregulation is critical at barrier surfaces. In this review, we discuss how AhR signaling is emerging as one of the critical regulators of molecular pathways involved in epithelial cell renewal. In addition, we examine the putative contribution of specific AhR ligands to ISC stemness and epithelial cell fate.
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