Rationally Programming Nanomaterials with DNA for Biomedical Applications

DNA is not only a carrier of genetic information, but also a versatile structural tool for the engineering and self-assembling of nanostructures. In this regard, the DNA template has dramatically enhanced the scalability, programmability, and functionality of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures. These capabilities provide opportunities for a wide range of biomedical applications in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and disease therapy. In this review, the importance and advantages of DNA for programming and fabricating of DNA nanostructures are first highlighted. The recent progress in design and construction of DNA nanostructures are then summarized, including DNA conjugated nanoparticle systems, DNA-based clusters and extended organizations, and DNA origami-templated assemblies. An overview on biomedical applications of the self-assembled DNA nanostructures is provided. Finally, the conclusion and perspectives on the self-assembled DNA nanostructures are presented.

Automated summary

DNA serves as a versatile tool for engineering and self-assembling nanostructures, enhancing scalability, programmability, and functionality. This has opened doors for various biomedical applications such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and disease therapy. Recent advancements in DNA nanostructure design and construction, including conjugated nanoparticle systems, DNA-based clusters, and DNA origami-templated assemblies, have further expanded its potential in the field.