Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano11020498
Keywords
drug delivery; stimulus-responsive; nanoporous gold; sustained release; biofouling
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [CBET-1454426, DMR-2003849]
- National Institutes of Health [R21-EB024635, R21-AT010933, R03-NS118156]
- Provost's Undergraduate Fellowship
- University of California, Davis
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This study demonstrates the use of nanoporous gold thin films for in-plane transport of fluorescein over large distances to establish a constant molecular release. The presence of halides allows for the preferential adsorption onto the gold surface, enabling the in-plane fluorescein transport. The nanoporous film also serves as a size-exclusion matrix for sustained release in biofouling conditions.
Sustained release and replenishment of the drug depot are essential for the long-term functionality of implantable drug-delivery devices. This study demonstrates the use nanoporous gold (np-Au) thin films for in-plane transport of fluorescein (a small-molecule drug surrogate) over large (mm-scale) distances from a distal reservoir to the site of delivery, thereby establishing a constant flux of molecular release. In the absence of halides, the fluorescein transport is negligible due to a strong non-specific interaction of fluorescein with the pore walls. However, in the presence of physiologically relevant concentration of ions, halides preferentially adsorb onto the gold surface, minimizing the fluorescein-gold interactions and thus enabling in-plane fluorescein transport. In addition, the nanoporous film serves as an intrinsic size-exclusion matrix and allows for sustained release in biofouling conditions (dilute serum). The molecular release is reproducibly controlled by gating it in response to the presence of halides at the reservoir (source) and the release site (sink) without external triggers (e.g., electrical and mechanical).
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