The Influence of Particle Shape, Powder Flowability, and Powder Layer Density on Part Density in Laser Powder Bed Fusion

The particle shape influences the part properties in laser powder bed fusion, and powder flowability and powder layer density (PLD) are considered the link between the powder and part properties. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between these properties and their influence on final part density for six 1.4404 (316L) powders and eight AlSi10Mg powders. The results show a correlation of the powder properties with a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of -0.89 for the PLD and the Hausner ratio, a PCC of -0.67 for the Hausner ratio and circularity, and a PCC of 0.72 for circularity and PLD. Furthermore, the results show that beyond a threshold, improvement of circularity, PLD, or Hausner ratio have no positive influence on the final part density. While the water-atomized, least-spherical powder yielded parts with high porosity, no improvement of part density was achieved by feedstock with higher circularities than gas-atomized powder.

Automated summary

This study examined the influence of particle shape on final part density in laser powder bed fusion, finding correlations between powder properties and their impact on part density. However, improvements in powder shape beyond a certain threshold did not lead to higher final part density.