Journal
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 15, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.653928
Keywords
fish; food intake regulation; nutrient sensors; transcription factors; hypothalamic integration
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Funding
- Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion
- European Fund of Regional Development [PID2019-103969RB-C31]
- Xunta de Galicia (Consolidacion e estructuracion de unidades de investigacion competitivas do SUG) [ED431B 2019/37]
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Although the understanding of hypothalamic integration of metabolic and endocrine signaling in fish is limited, existing studies have identified a potential network involving various signaling pathways that regulate food intake. This network includes activation of nutrient-sensing systems and modulation of transcription factors, ultimately leading to changes in neuropeptide expression and food intake inhibition.
The knowledge regarding hypothalamic integration of metabolic and endocrine signaling resulting in regulation of food intake is scarce in fish. Available studies pointed to a network in which the activation of the nutrient-sensing (glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid) systems would result in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibition and activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Changes in these signaling pathways would control phosphorylation of transcription factors cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB), forkhead box01 (FoxO1), and brain homeobox transcription factor (BSX) leading to food intake inhibition through changes in the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AgRP), pro-opio melanocortin (POMC), and cocaine and amphetamine-related transcript (CART). The present mini-review summarizes information on the topic and identifies gaps for future research.
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