Journal
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00619-1
Keywords
Stanene; Two-dimensional; Cryogenic exfoliation; Cancer theranostics; Nanomedicine
Funding
- US METAvivor Early Career Investigator Award
- Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital Department of Anesthesiology-Basic Scientist Grant
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21877049, 21807117]
- Major Program for Tackling Key Problems of Industrial Technology in Guangzhou [201902020013]
- Dedicated Fund for Promoting High-Quality Marine Economic Development in Guangdong Province [GDOE-2019-A31, 2020-035]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2020M683173]
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This study successfully fabricated two-dimensional tin nanosheets using a new approach, which exhibited good stability and superior biocompatibility after PEGylation, making them promising photothermal agents for cancer treatment. The research paves the way for the development of tin-based biological materials for biomedical applications.
Stanene (Sn)-based materials have been extensively applied in industrial production and daily life, but their potential biomedical application remains largely unexplored, which is due to the absence of the appropriate and effective methods for fabricating Sn-based biomaterials. Herein, we explored a new approach combining cryogenic exfoliation and liquid-phase exfoliation to successfully manufacture two-dimensional (2D) Sn nanosheets (SnNSs). The obtained SnNSs exhibited a typical sheet-like structure with an average size of 100 nm and a thickness of similar to 5.1 nm. After PEGylation, the resulting PEGylated SnNSs (SnNSs@PEG) exhibited good stability, superior biocompatibility, and excellent photothermal performance, which could serve as robust photothermal agents for multi-modal imaging (fluorescence/photoacoustic/photothermal imaging)-guided photothermal elimination of cancer. Furthermore, we also used first-principles density functional theory calculations to investigate the photothermal mechanism of SnNSs, revealing that the free electrons in upper and lower layers of SnNSs contribute to the conversion of the photo to thermal. This work not only introduces a new approach to fabricate 2D SnNSs but also establishes the SnNSs-based nanomedicines for photonic cancer theranostics. This new type of SnNSs with great potential in the field of nanomedicines may spur a wave of developing Sn-based biological materials to benefit biomedical applications.
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