4.5 Article

Epithelioid granulomatous lesions express abundant programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1): a discussion of adverse events in anti-PD-1 antibody-based cancer immunotherapy

Journal

HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 17, Issue 7, Pages 1940-1942

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1870364

Keywords

Epithelioid granuloma; Pd-L1; PD-1; tuberculosis

Funding

  1. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [17H01540]
  2. Project for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Evolution (P-CREATE) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)

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This letter reports the strong expression of PD-L1 in various diseases and discusses the exacerbation of tuberculosis after anti-PD-1 antibody-based cancer immunotherapy.
The immune system is often called a double-edged sword, due to the inextricable link between cancer immunity and allergy/autoimmunity. Intriguingly, a growing number of cases have been reported in which PD-1 blockade triggers the exacerbation of tuberculosis (TB), an organ-invasive granulomatous disease caused by bacterial infection. As a result, the exacerbation of TB is now considered a severe adverse effect of nivolumab and pembrolizumab. In this letter, we report the strong expression of PD-L1 in epithelioid granulomatous lesions in tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, and foreign body granuloma. In addition, we discussed the exacerbation of tuberculosis after anti-PD-1 antibody-based cancer immunotherapy.

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