Minimalist Tissue Engineering Approaches Using Low Material-Based Bioengineered Systems

From an over-engineering era in which biomaterials played a central role, now it is observed to the emergence of developmental tissue engineering (TE) strategies which rely on an integrative cell-material perspective that paves the way for cell self-organization. The current challenge is to engineer the microenvironment without hampering the spontaneous collective arrangement ability of cells, while simultaneously providing biochemical, geometrical, and biophysical cues that positively influence tissue healing. These efforts have resulted in the development of low-material based TE strategies focused on minimizing the amount of biomaterial provided to the living key players of the regenerative process. Through a minimalist-engineering approach, the main idea is to fine-tune the spatial balance occupied by the inanimate region of the regenerative niche toward maximum actuation of the key living components during the healing process.

Automated summary

The emerging tissue engineering strategies focus on an integrative cell-material perspective to provide biochemical, geometrical, and biophysical cues while minimizing the use of biomaterials to promote tissue healing. Through a minimalist-engineering approach, the goal is to fine-tune the spatial balance of the regenerative niche to activate the key living components during the healing process.