The hidden influence of large particles on ocean colour

Optical constituents in the ocean are often categorized as water, phytoplankton, sediments and dissolved matter. However, the optical properties of seawater are influenced, to some degree, by scattering and absorption by all particles in the water column. Here we assess the relevant size ranges for determining the optical properties of the ocean. We present a theoretical basis supporting the hypothesis that millimetre-size particles, including zooplankton and fish eggs, can provide a significant contribution to bulk absorption and scattering of seawater and therefore ocean color. Further, we demonstrate that existing in situ instruments are not capable of correctly resolving the impact of such large particles, possibly leading to their optical significance being overlooked. These findings refresh our perspective on the potential of ocean color and invite new applications of remote sensing for monitoring life close to the ocean surface.

Automated summary

This study examines the relevant size ranges for determining the optical properties of the ocean, suggesting that millimeter-sized particles like zooplankton and fish eggs may significantly contribute to absorption and scattering of seawater. Existing in situ instruments may not effectively capture the impact of such large particles, potentially overlooking their optical significance.