Journal
BRAIN
Volume 138, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv266
Keywords
manic episodes; cortical volume; bipolar disorder; progressive changes; longitudinal study
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Medical Research Council [K2014-62X-14647-12-51, K2010-61P-21568-01-4, K825210033]
- Swedish foundation for Strategic Research
- Swedish Brain foundation
- Swedish Federal Government under the LUA/ALF [ALF 20130032]
- Barbro and Bernard Osher Foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
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Higher numbers of manic episodes in bipolar patients has, in cross-sectional studies, been associated with less grey matter volume in prefrontal brain areas. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine if manic episodes set off progressive cortical changes, or if the association is better explained by premorbid brain conditions that increase risk for mania. We followed patients with bipolar disorder type 1 for 6 years. Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at baseline and follow-up. We compared patients who had at least one manic episode between baseline and follow-up (Mania group, n = 13) with those who had no manic episodes (No-Mania group, n = 18). We used measures of cortical volume, thickness, and area to assess grey matter changes between baseline and follow-up. We found significantly decreased frontal cortical volume (dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior frontal cortex) in the Mania group, but no volume changes in the No-Mania group. Our results indicate that volume decrease in frontal brain regions can be attributed to the incidence of manic episodes.
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