Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 554, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.12.013
Keywords
SARS-CoV-2; Nonhuman primate; Pneumonia; Thrombus; Neutralizing antibody; Th1 response
Categories
Funding
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) [19fk0108172, 20nk0101615, 20fk0108276]
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- Naito Foundation
- Sato Yo International Scholarship Foundation
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Cynomolgus macaques were used to establish an animal model of COVID-19 to develop vaccines and antiviral drugs, showing similar symptoms to human patients. The study found that both neutralizing antibodies and cellular immunity play important roles in eliminating SARS-CoV-2.
We examined the pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in cynomolgus macaques for 28 days to establish an animal model of COVID-19 for the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Cynomolgus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed body temperature rises and X-ray radiographic pneumonia without life-threatening clinical signs of disease. A neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2 and Tlymphocytes producing interferon (IFN)-gamma specifically for SARS-CoV-2 N-protein were detected on day 14 in one of three macaques with viral pneumonia. In the other two macaques, in which a neutralizing antibody was not detected, T-lymphocytes producing IFN-gamma specifically for SARS-CoV-2 N protein increased on day 7 to day 14, suggesting that not only a neutralizing antibody but also cellular immunity has a role in the elimination of SARSCoV-2. Thus, because of similar symptoms to approximately 80% of patients, cynomolgus macaques are appropriate to extrapolate the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs for humans.
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