Emerging applications of (micro) extraction phase from hydrophilic to hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents: opportunities and trends

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are compounds composed of a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor that remain liquid at room temperature. DESs are non-volatile, have high thermal stability, and can dissolve many organic and inorganic compounds easily. As emerging green solvents, DESs have attracted considerable attention and are expected to replace traditional organic solvents as an alterna-tive. This review briefly discusses the development of DESs in analytical chemistry and introduces the developments of the extraction process. By studying the development process of DESs from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, this paper summarizes the development status of their respective types in the corre-sponding extraction field with particular attention on various DESs-based (micro) extraction procedures. Some interesting features and applications are summarized. ? 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

DES, composed of a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, are compounds that remain liquid at room temperature, with high thermal stability and solubility, they are considered as alternatives to traditional organic solvents and have broad application prospects.