Journal
TOXICOLOGY
Volume 450, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152678
Keywords
Cigarette smoking exposure; Cholesterol; Bile acid; Gut microbiota
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81830113, 81803912, 81530102, 31671520]
- National key R&D plan Research on modernization of traditional Chinese medicine [2018YFC1704200]
- Major basic and applied basic research projects of Guangdong Province of China [2019B030302005]
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou City [201803010069]
- Characteristic Innovation Project (Natural Science) of the Education Department of Guangdong Province
- Innovation Strong School Project of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University [2017KTSCX102]
- Opening Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences [KLRB201807]
- Science and Technology Project of Yue-Xiu District of Guangzhou [2018-WS011]
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The study found that exposure to cigarette smoking can disrupt liver cholesterol metabolism, imbalance bile acids, and alter the composition of gut microbiota. This highlights the importance of smoking bans for public health.
Exposure of humans to second-hand smoking (SHS) increases glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. The link of hepatic metabolic dysfunction to environmental cigarette smoking has been noticed, but the related mechanism is still unclear. C57BL/6 mice with normal food diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD) were exposed to 15 min cigarette smoking twice a day in a 0.038 m(3) box for 4 weeks, and the concentration of nicotine in the air of the box was 21.05 mg/m(3) during the smoke exposure. Liver tissues and serum were collected for gene expression and biochemistry test. The fecal microbiota was also checked through 16S rDNA sequences. Cigarette smoking exposure increased the accumulation of total cholesterol (TC) in liver, and the expression of cholesterol synthesis-related genes was upregulated. The expression of CYP8B1 protein was significantly down-regulated, and the ratio of cholic acid (CA) to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was significantly reduced in the liver of mice exposed to cigarette smoking especially for HFD group. Cigarette smoking exposure caused insulin resistance in the liver of mice with HFD. The composition of the gut microbiota was altered with the exposure of cigarette smoking, and the change of the distribution of primary bile acids might be one of the reasons. It was concluded that cigarette smoking would break the homeostasis of cholesterol and bile acids metabolism and changed the composition of gut microbiota. Our discoveries confirmed that smoking bans are important for the public health.
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