4.7 Article

Distribution patterns of antibiotic resistance genes and their bacterial hosts in pig farm wastewater treatment systems and soil fertilized with pig manure

Journal

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 758, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143654

Keywords

ARG; ARG host analysis; Anaerobic digestion; Pig farm; Manure

Funding

  1. National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0501300]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31802243]
  3. Program for Innovative Research Teamin the University ofMinistry of Education of China [IRT_ 17R39]
  4. Foundation for Innovation and Strengthening School Project of Guangdong, China [2016KCXTD010]

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The discharge of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) into the environment via pig manure has been studied through metagenomic analysis in three large pig farms. The distribution and shifts of ARGs and their bacterial hosts show distinct patterns along different stages of wastewater treatment. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes are identified as primary carriers of ARGs, with specific bacterial families contributing to different types of ARGs in feces, wastewater, and soil. High levels of heterogeneity are found for both ARGs and ARG-hosts in the wastewater treatment system and in agricultural soils for these pig farms.
Vast reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) are discharged into the environment via pigmanure. Weused metagenomic analysis to follow the distribution and shifts of ARGs and their bacterial hosts along wastewater treatment in three large pig farms. The predominating ARGs potentially encoded resistance to tetracycline (28.13%), aminoglycosides (23.64%), macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) (12.17%), sulfonamides (11.53%), multidrug (8.74%) and chloramphenicol (6.18%). The total relative ARG abundance increased along the treatment pathway prior to anaerobic digestion that had a similar degradative capacity for different ARGs and these ARGs were reduced by about 25% after digestion, but ARGs enriched erratically in manured soils. Distinctive ARG distribution patternswere found according to the three sample locations; feces, soil andwastewater and the differences were primarily due to the tetracycline ARGs (feces > wastewater > soil), sulfonamide ARGs (soil> wastewater> feces) and MLS ARGs (feces> wastewater> soil). Metagenomic assembly-based host analyses indicated the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were primary ARG carriers. The Streptococcaceae increased the abundance of multidrug, MLS and aminoglycoside ARGs in feces; Moraxellaceae were the primary contributors to the high abundance of multidrug ARGs in wastewater; the Comamonadaceae led to the higher abundance of bacA in wastewater and soil than feces. We found a high level of heterogeneity for both ARGs and ARG-hosts in thewastewater treatment system and in the agricultural soils for these pig farms. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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