Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 760, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143322
Keywords
Environmental metabolomics; Biomonitoring; Faxonius virilis; In situ bioassay; Southern Manitoba; Reciprocal transfer experiment
Categories
Funding
- Environment and Climate Change Canada's Lake Winnipeg Basin Initiative
- Canadian Water Network Tobacco Creek Model Watershed Consortia Grant
- NSERC
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The gill tissue metabolome of northern crayfish was most effective in detecting and differentiating between impacts of human activities, particularly municipal wastewater. The tail metabolome was best at differentiating between crayfish collected at reference and impacted sites. Hepatopancreas tissue metabolites showed limited and inconsistent detection capabilities among sites. The metabolome of northern crayfish can be an effective biomonitoring tool, with tissue selection based on monitoring purposes.
Environmental metabolomics has been proposed as a tool for biomonitoring because organisms regulate production or consumption of metabolites in response to environmental conditions. We evaluated the efficacy of the metabolome of three tissues (hepatopancreas, gill, and tail muscle) from the northern crayfish (Faxonius virilis) to detect and differentiate between impacts of human activities (i.e., reference, municipal wastewater, and agriculture). We conducted a reciprocal transfer study exposing crayfish for 1 or 2 weeks in three streams with different amounts and types of human activities in southern Manitoba, Canada. Tissue samples were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to generate a metabolic profile. Findings indicated the gill tissue metabolome best detected and differentiated between human activities. In particular, the gill metabolome was able to rapidly integrate abrupt changes in environmental conditions associated with municipal wastewater activity. In contrast, the tail metabolome best differentiated between crayfish collected at the reference site from those collected at the two impacted sites. Metabolites extracted from hepatopancreas tissue showed limited and inconsistent detection of among site differences. Based on our findings, we conclude that the metabolome of the northern crayfish can be an effective biomonitoring tool, but monitoring purpose will dictate tissue selection. Indeed, we recommend the gill metabolome be used for short-term assays aimed at detecting acute effects, whereas the tail be applied for survey monitoring aimed at detecting deviations in ecological condition at test sites from reference site conditions. Crown Copyright (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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