Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 761, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144097
Keywords
Sb toxicity; Folsomia candida; Multiomics; Exposure time
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2019YFC1804603, 2016YFD0800400]
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This study investigated the toxicity of Sb(V) on springtails using transcriptomics and metabolomics, revealing effects on gene expression and metabolite levels, leading to inhibition of DNA replication. The study also found significant changes in metabolites related to chitin, oxidative stress, and protein metabolism.
To date, numerous studies have focused on the toxicity of antimony (Sb) to soil-dwelling organisms at the individual level. However, little is known about Sb-caused molecular level toxicity. Here, an integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics approach was used to better reveal toxicity of Sb(V) to springtails Folsomia candida considering environmentally relevant speciation of Sb. No significant effects of Sb(V) on survival, reproduction and growth of springtails were observed using the ISO standard test. Transcriptomics analysis identified 1015 and 3367 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after 2 and 7 d of exposure, indicating an increasing transcriptomal changes with time. Significantly enriched top GO(Gene Ontology) terms (chitin metabolic process, chitin binding and extracellular region) were shared between the two time exposure groups. However, no enriched KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway was shared, with fatty acid metabolism and apoptosis-fly being the most significant pathway, respectively. Metabolomics analysis identified 155 differential changed metabolites (DCMs) in springtails after 7 d of exposure. Antifolate resistance was the most significantly enriched pathway, in which dihydrofolic acid was up-regulated and three purine nucleotides (adenosine 5'-monophosphate, inosine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate) were down-regulated. This indicated obvious repression of DNA replication, which was also observed by transcriptomics. Additionally, metabolites level related to chitin, oxidative stress, and protein metabolism significantly changed, and these metabolites could also support and confirm main transcriptomic results. Thus, the combination of multiomics facilitated better understanding of the molecular level of toxicity of Sb(V) in Collembola. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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