Nanofertilizers and nanopesticides for agriculture

The excess use of mineral fertilizers and unsafe pesticides has led to pollution and serious health issues. Nanoscience may solve those issues by providing nanomaterials of higher performance. Here we reviewed the development of nanofertilizers and nanopesticides and their applications on crop systems. Nanofertilizers such as N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo and carbon nanotubes show better release and targeted delivery efficiency. Nanopesticides such as Ag, Cu, SiO2, ZnO and nanoformulations show better broad-spectrum pest protection efficiency in comparison with conventional pesticides.