Journal
RNA BIOLOGY
Volume 18, Issue 12, Pages 2087-2096Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1899491
Keywords
Plant miRNA biogenesis; pri-miRNA transcription; pri-miRNA stability; pri-miRNA processing; dcl1
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [GM127414]
- National Science Foundation [MCB-1818082]
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miRNAs are crucial non-coding riboregulators of gene expression in plants and animals, guiding AGO to target RNAs for gene silencing. In plants, miRNAs are derived from pri-miRNA transcripts and processed by DICER-LIKE1-containing complex. Plants employ various mechanisms to control miRNA accumulation, including regulation of pri-miRNA levels and DCL1 complex activities.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential non-coding riboregulators of gene expression in plants and animals. In plants, miRNAs guide their effector protein named ARGONAUTE (AGO) to find target RNAs for gene silencing through target RNA cleavage or translational inhibition. miRNAs are derived from primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs), most of which are transcribed by the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II. In plants, an RNase III enzyme DICER-LIKE1-containing complex processes pri-miRNAs in the nucleus into miRNAs. To ensure proper function of miRNAs, plants use multiple mechanisms to control miRNA accumulation. On one hand, pri-miRNA levels are controlled through transcription and stability. On the other hand, the activities of the DCL1 complex are regulated by many protein factors at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels. Notably, recent studies reveal that pri-miRNA structure/sequence features and modifications also play important roles in miRNA biogenesis. In this review, we summarize recent progresses on the mechanisms regulating miRNA biogenesis.
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