Journal
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 32, Issue 4, Pages 427-442Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0092
Keywords
immune response; nerve degeneration; neuroprotection; neurotropism; SARS-CoV-2
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This review summarizes COVID-19 cases with neurological involvement, discussing possible routes of entry, immune responses, and mechanisms of nerve degeneration, as well as exploring mechanisms for neuroprotection and virus-associated neurological consequences.
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to be a multidimensional threat to humanity, more evidence of neurological involvement associated with it has emerged. Neuroimmune interaction may prove to be important not only in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations but also to prevent systemic hyperinflammation. In this review, we summarize reports of COVID-19 cases with neurological involvement, followed by discussion of possible routes of entry, immune responses against coronavirus infection in the central nervous system and mechanisms of nerve degeneration due to viral infection and immune responses. Possible mechanisms for neuroprotection and virus-associated neurological consequences are also discussed.
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