Journal
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2230
Keywords
high‐ risk human papillomavirus (HR‐ HPV); HPV‐ related cancer; oxidative stress; redox‐ sensitive signalling pathways; redox state; redox therapy
Categories
Funding
- Postdoctoral Grant's Program (POSTDOC) from the Direccion General de Asuntos Academicos (DGAPA), UNAM
- CONACyT
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HPV-related cancers are often associated with oxidative stress, and surgical resection is the preferred treatment for localized tumors, while systemic therapy is the best option in advanced stages.
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) chronic infection is associated with the induction of different HPV-related cancers, such as cervical, anus, vaginal, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HPV-related cancers have been related to oxidative stress (OS), where OS has a significant role in cancer development and maintenance. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localised HPV-related cancers; however, these malignancies commonly progress to metastasis. In advanced stages, systemic therapies are the best option against HPV-related cancers. These therapies include cytokine therapy or a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with immunotherapies. Nevertheless, these strategies are still insufficient. Cell redox-sensitive signalling pathways have been poorly studied, although they have been associated with the development and maintenance of HPV-related cancers. In this review, we analyse the known alterations of the following redox-sensitive molecules and signalling pathways by HR-HPV in HPV-related cancers: MAPKs, Akt/TSC2/mTORC1, Wnt/beta-Cat, NFkB/IkB/NOX2, HIF/VHL/VEGF and mitochondrial signalling pathways as potential targets for redox therapy.
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