Journal
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
Volume 380, Issue -, Pages 126-133Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.11.020
Keywords
Granular matter; Immersed granular media; Wave attenuation; Impact loading; Wave propagation
Categories
Funding
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- NSF-MOMS program through the NSF CAREER [1845200]
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The study found that the drag effects on 2D granular crystals immersed in various fluids result in higher wave attenuation, with the coefficient of attenuation increasing with viscosity but unexpectedly decreasing in the highest viscosity fluids. Additionally, the ratio of kinetic energy to strain energy for immersed granular crystals initially decreases with viscosity but increases again for the fluids with the highest viscosities.
The low-velocity impact response of 2D granular crystals immersed in various fluids over a wide range of viscosities (1-10(6) cP) was investigated. The drag effects in the immersed crystals results in significantly higher wave attenuation as compared to dry granular crystals. In order to quantify the spatial dependence of the wave decay characteristics, the coefficients of attenuation were computed for the dry granular crystals and granular crystals immersed in various fluids. The coefficient of attenuation for immersed granular crystals was significantly larger than the coefficient of attenuation for dry granular crystals. As the viscosity increased, the coefficient of attenuation also increased due to the additional drag effects followed by an unexpected decrease for the highest viscosity fluids. The ratio of kinetic energy to strain energy for immersed granular crystals decreases initially as a function of viscosity but inatases again for the fluids with the highest viscosities. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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