Journal
POLYMER REVIEWS
Volume 62, Issue 1, Pages 95-141Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.1897996
Keywords
Elastomer; physical foaming; elasticity; shrinkage; cell morphology
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51873226]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [20lgzd02]
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Elastomer foams are widely used due to their flexibility and physical foaming provides environmental-friendly and adjustable material properties, but also leads to post-foaming shrinkage issues. Researchers have made progress in improving the performance of elastomer foams by understanding the foaming mechanisms.
Elastomer foams have been widely used in many applications and have shown potential in some advanced fields because of their excellent flexibility. Elastomers foamed with a physical blowing agent solve the problems of traditional chemical foaming, endow elastomer foams with advantages of environmental-friendly features, uniform cell structure, adjustable material properties, and high processing efficiency. However, unlike foaming of thermoplastic materials, low matrix modulus and high gas diffusivity leads to serious foam post-foaming shrinkage and hinders the preparation of low density elastomer foams. In the past two decades, researchers have selected different elastomer systems and applied various foaming methods and strategies to prepare elastomer foams with improved performance through understanding the foaming mechanisms. This article reviews these investigations and discusses the developments made so far in physical foaming of elastomers.
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