Emergent Bloch Oscillations in a Kinetically Constrained Rydberg Spin Lattice

We explore the relaxation dynamics of elementary spin clusters in a kinetically constrained spin system. Inspired by experiments with Rydberg lattice gases, we focus on the situation in which an excited spin leads to a facilitated excitation of a neighboring spin. We show that even weak interactions that extend beyond nearest neighbors can have a dramatic impact on the relaxation behavior: they generate a linear potential, which under certain conditions leads to the onset of Bloch oscillations of spin clusters. These hinder the expansion of a cluster and, more generally, the relaxation of many-body states toward equilibrium. This shows that nonergodic behavior in kinetically constrained systems may occur as a consequence of the interplay between reduced connectivity of many-body states and weak interparticle interactions. We furthermore show that the emergent Bloch oscillations identified here can be detected in experiment through measurements of the Rydberg atom density and discuss how spin-orbit coupling between internal and external degrees of freedom of spin clusters can be used to control their relaxation behavior.

Automated summary

The study reveals that even weak interactions beyond nearest neighbors can have a significant impact on the relaxation behavior of spin clusters, leading to the onset of Bloch oscillations. These oscillations hinder cluster expansion and affect the relaxation of many-body states towards equilibrium.