Doping ZnS films with cobalt: Structural, compositional, morphological, optical, electrical, magnetic and photocatalytic properties

Co: ZnS (0, 6, 12 and 18 at. -%) nanostructures are mounted on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows cubic structure. Compositional study using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) establishes chemical states of Zn2+, S2-, Co2+ and some impurity elements such as C and O. Morphological study reveals the granular shape of the as-grown films. The average optical transmission is greater than 70% in the visible range. A band gap of about 3.70 eV is obtained. A slight enhancement of electrical properties is observed for a doping ratio equal to 12 at.-%. The photocatalytic activity of undoped ZnS and ZnS:(18 at.-% Co) is evaluated under visible light irradiation by following the discoloration of methylene blue. The photocatalytic efficiency achieved by ZnS:(18 at.-% Co) after 4 h of illumination is 69%.

Automated summary

ZnS (0, 6, 12, and 18 at. -%) nanostructures were synthesized on glass substrates via chemical bath deposition (CBD), with XRD revealing a cubic structure. XPS analysis identified chemical states of Zn2+, S2-, Co2+, and impurities like C and O. Morphological studies showed granular films, with optical transmission exceeding 70% and a band gap of 3.70 eV. Electrical properties slightly improved at a 12 at.-% doping ratio, while ZnS:(18 at.-% Co) exhibited a photocatalytic efficiency of 69% under visible light irradiation after 4 hours.