Journal
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Volume 165, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105420
Keywords
Short-chain fatty acids; Inflammation; Carcinogenesis; Intestinal barrier; Oxidative stress
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81570344]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0112100]
- Education Department Foundation of Jilin Province [JJKH20201036KJ]
- Health and Family Planning Commission of Jilin Province Foundations [2016Q034, 2017J11]
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Foundations [20180414039GH, 20190201200JC]
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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced during bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, play crucial roles in regulating inflammation, carcinogenesis, intestinal barrier function, and oxidative stress. Their signaling mechanisms involve histone acetylation promotion and activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. SCFAs have a wide range of positive effects and show high therapeutic potential in human-related diseases.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are metabolites produced during the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the intestinal tract. They are believed to be essential factors affecting host health. Most in vitro and ex vivo studies have shown that SCFAs affect the regulation of inflammation, carcinogenesis, intestinal barrier function, and oxidative stress, but convincing evidence in humans is still lacking. Two major SCFA signaling mechanisms have been identified: promotion of histone acetylation and activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. In this review, we introduce the production and metabolic characteristics of SCFAs, summarize the potential effects of SCFAs on the four aspects mentioned above and the possible mechanisms. SCFAs have been reported to exert a wide spectrum of positive effects and have a high potential for therapeutic use in human-related diseases.
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