Journal
NUTRITION
Volume 90, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111226
Keywords
ACE2; Intestine; High-fat diet; Macrophage; COVID-19
Categories
Funding
- Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province [KYCX20_1418]
- National Natural Science Foun-dation of China [81873654, 31800971]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20180684]
- Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China [18KJA180008]
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The study revealed that a high-fat diet affects intestinal ACE2 protein levels in adults and neonates differently, suggesting a potential role of macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 intestinal infection.
Objective: The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is threatening global health and is especially pronounced in patients with chronic metabolic syndromes. Meanwhile, a significant proportion of patients present with digestive symptoms since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly expressed in the intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) and a maternal HFD on the intestinal ACE2 levels in adults and neonates. Methods: We examined intestinal ACE2 protein levels in mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and neonatal mice exposed to a maternal HFD. We also investigated Ace2 mRNA expression in intestinal macrophages. Results: Intestinal ACE2 protein levels were increased in DIO mice but decreased in offspring exposed to a maternal HFD compared with chow-fed controls. Ace2 mRNA expression in intestinal macrophages was detected and downregulated in DIO mice. Additionally, higher intestinal ACE2 protein levels were observed in neonates than in adult mice. Conclusions: The influence of an HFD on intestinal ACE2 protein levels is opposite in adults and neonates. Macrophages might also be involved in SARS-CoV-2 intestinal infection. These findings provide some clues for the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with metabolic syndromes. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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